Young people transitioning from care into adulthood receive a cedar brushing at an honouring ceremony hosted by Métis Family Services in Surrey in 2017. Photo: Brielle Morgan/IndigiNews
The Representative for Children and Youth (RCY) in B.C. says more supports are needed for teenagers “aging out” of the child welfare system.
“Any attempts to improve policy and practice for youth leaving care must centre on the experiences and needs of Indigenous youth,” says Jennifer Charlesworth in her latest report released Dec. 15.
The report focuses on the need for supports for the 800 or so youth who transition out of the child welfare system in the province and into adulthood each year.
According to the report, Indigenous youth in B.C. are 17 times more likely to be in government care than non-Indigenous youth due to the ongoing impacts of systemic racism and colonization.
“We need to work more carefully and thoughtfully with Indigenous families and extended families,” Charlesworth said at a press conference for the release of the report.
“We wouldn’t be ending up with virtually half of the young people that are aging into adulthood every year being Indigenous.”
While the report recommends ways to improve the system for all children, it also specifies actions the government could take to better support young Indigenous people in particular.
This includes more attention on the particular issues young Indigenous people experience when transitioning out of care, including disconnection from family, community and culture, and over involvement in homelessness and mental health disparities.
Support programs should be ‘universal’ rather than ‘transactional’
Also contained in the report are “two principal post-majority supports available to youth transitioning into adulthood” — and both of these programs are “transactional in nature.”
These programs bear “little resemblance to the kind of ‘wraparound support’ that young people in families will receive from their loved ones as they transition into adulthood,” says the report.
One of these programs is the Agreements with Young Adults Program, which helps to cover costs like housing and child care.
According to the RCY, it is being accessed more by non-Indigenous young people than by First Nations, Métis and Inuit young people.
“The current program requires youth to jump through eligibility hoops; if they are not able to, their benefits are terminated,” says the report.
This includes being employed for a certain amount of hours and accessing specific life skills programs, also for a certain amount of hours.
Instead of abandoning youth “to fall into poverty and homelessness”, the RCY is calling for “universal support” for youth who’ve been through government care.
The RCY recommends that youth be automatically enrolled in the AYA program on their 19th birthday and they should be able to access this financial support until their 27th birthday — “without restriction, subject to reasonable constraints such as consideration of other income.”
The RCY is also calling on the ministry to work with “community-based service agencies – including, notably, First Nations, Métis, Inuit and Urban Indigenous agencies” to “ establish dedicated youth transition workers to assist and support youth transitioning from care into adulthood.”
These transition workers would help youth navigate systems and provide adult guidance up to the age of 27.
Need for trauma-informed, culturally appropriate supports
The RCY recommends that the ministry work collaboratively with other governmental departments, Indigenous partners and young people with lived experience to develop and implement “a range of trauma-informed and culturally appropriate mental health and substance use services” for youth exiting care.
“The plan and all services should be trauma-informed and give particular attention and priority to First Nations, Métis, Inuit and Urban Indigenous young people transitioning to adulthood,” reads the report.
In response to COVID-19, the Ministry of Child and Family Development has promised “more flexibility to access mental health supports including cultural healing and wellness” through the AYA program, as of Oct. 1, 2020. But as it stands, this extra support will only be available until September 2021.
This is just one example of a temporary emergency measure the ministry has put in place in light of the pandemic.
Typically when a youth turns 19 in government care, the supports they rely on are cut off, according to the youth-led and youth-centered campaign Fostering Change.
But in response to COVID-19, the ministry has put in place measures to allow young people to stay in their foster homes or “staffed residential homes” past their 19th birthday.
This measure is also set to expire next year, on March 31.
The RCY says these temporary measures have informed “innovative and agile shifts” by those working in the child welfare space, providing “a glimpse of a different way of supporting B.C. youth” who are transitioning out of care.
“MCFD should evaluate current emergency measures,” the report reads, “with a goal of making that flexibility a permanent change.”
Read More:
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In response to the RCY’s report, Mitzi Dean, Minister of Children and Family Development in B.C., published a statement on Dec. 15.
“Our community partners have told us about the positive impact these measures have had, and we will use that feedback — along with feedback about the system as a whole, input from youth and young adults, as well as the representative’s recommendations — as we move forward with improving these vital supports,” Dean wrote.
In her statement, Dean did not specifically mention Indigenous youth.
IndigiNews asked Charlesworth what message she would like to share with Indigenous youth in care who are currently transitioning into adulthood.
“You are loved and cared for by many people in your culture and community,” she said. “You may not know that, it may not be clear yet, but there are many many people that are working hard to build up those bonds of love and connection. Don’t give up.”
Since 2007, the RCY has been providing oversight to B.C.’s child welfare system and making recommendations for improvement.
Are you an Indigenous youth who has been through government care? IndigiNews would love to hear your thoughts on the RCY’s latest report. If you would like to share, please email [email protected]
